Double glazed window construction



Oct. 1, 1935. J. H. FOX E IAL I DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW CONSTRUCTION.

Filed Aug. 2, 1934 s Sheet s-Sheet 1- INVENTORS J H Fox J. H. ox ET AL VvDOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 3 Sheets-sfi 2 Filed Aug, 2, 1954 I-I m m w w. s H

Oc t; '1, 1935. FOX ET AL DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug.2, 1954 .1 u so ee 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS. (/h. P5X /6. HE/oHsRTPatented Oct. 1, 1935 UNITED STATE I DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOW CONSTRUCTIONJohn H. Fox and Herman S. Heichert, Pittsburgh,

Pa., assignors' to Pittsburgh Plate Glass Com- S PATENT OFFICE Theinvention relates to a double glazed window construction designedparticularly for use in car windows. In such constructions, it isdesirable to fill the space between the glass sheets with dry 5. air andthen tightly seal off such space from the outer atmosphere in order toavoid condensation on the inner facesof. the sheets'and to preventefilorescence (collection of white alkaline dust upon the inner faces ofthe sheets). Under these conditions considerable strain is placed on thesheets if the cars are sent over elevations of 8000 feet or upwards, dueto the reduced air pressure on the outer sides of the sheets, and thepresent invention is designed to provide improved 15 means for reducingthe strain upon the glass when such condition is encountered so that anydanger of breakage due to this cause is avoided. A further object of theinvention is the provision of a simple construction permitting the ready20 removal and replacement of either of the glass sheets in case ofbreakage, or in case it should become necessary to clean the inner facesof the sheets. Certain embodiments of the invention are illustrated inthe accompanying drawings,

25, wherein:

Figures 1 to 11 are sections through the lower portion of various sashconstructions embodying the invention, it being understood that theconstruction at the sides and top of the window is 3.0; similar to thatat the bottom of the window.

Referring to Fig. 1, the numerals I and 2 indicate the glass sheets, and3 is a portion of the car construction to which the sash isremovably-secured by means of the bolts 4 or other suitable 35 fasteningdevices.- The sash is made up of an outer wall 5 of relatively rigidconstruction and aninner wall I .of relatively light sheet metal,permitting it to be readily sprung outward for the purpose hereinafterset forth.. These walls 4p; may be in one piece extending on all foursides of the window or may be in four sections depending uponconditions, the one piece construction-being preferred. The wall 6 ispreferably secured releasably to the wall 5 by means of thescrews I,

5 ,"a suitable-sealing material being provided at 8 in" order to make atight joint. At the inner edges of the members 5 and'G supports areprovided with grooves in which the edges of the glass sheets are seated,and in order to provide a tight joint 50 bet-ween the metal and theglass, U-shaped sealing members 9, 9 of rubber composition are providedwhich perform the additional function of cushioning the glass sheets.The wall 6 has welded to its upper edge for receiving the glass, 55 thestrip I0, and in opposition to this strip, is a edge of the glass sheetI is similarly engaged by a 5 clamping plate l3 held in position bymeans of the screws l2.

It will be seen that the construction as above described provides aspace l5 which is sealed off from the atmosphere and a space l6 betweenthe 10 v glass sheets which is similarly sealed off from the outeratmosphere. If the parts are properly sealed, therefore, the dry airwhich is supplied to the sealed oif portions of the construction willremain in this condition, and as a result, condenl5 sation is avoidedupon the inner sides of the glass sheets and also the formation of thewhite dust which commonly appears upon the inner surfaces of glasssheets in a double glazed construction, and is due in part to thepresence of moisture in an atmosphere. When the car passes over a highelevation, resulting in reduced pressure on the outer sides of the glasssheets, the air between the sheets will expand and tend to bulge theglass, but any danger of breaking the glass under these conditions isavoided due to the support of the sheet 2 upon the relatively flexiblewall 6, per- .mitting the edge of this sheet 2 to spring out slightly,thus increasing the space between the sheets. This opens communicatidnbetween the 0 space I 6 and the space l5, but the condition of the airbetween the glass sheets remains the same as far as moisture isconcerned, since thespace I5 is sealed off from the outer atmosphere. Inorder to reduce the volume of air subject to expansion, the space I5 ispreferably filled with some light material, such as a pressedcom'position'of wood, pulp paper, or the like, which is shaped to fitthe contoin of the space. c Q Fig. 2 illustratesamodification in whichthe 40 walls I! and I8 of the sash are integral and the space H iscircular in crosssection. The wall I8 is, relatively thin and light topermit a spring action, so that it corresponds in function to the actionof the wall 6 of the Fig'. 1 construction. In this formof device, theinner walls of the grooves in which the glass sheets are seated areintegral with the sashframingand the outer walls I9 and 20 areremovable, being held in clamping position by meansof the screws l2. Asin the first form of construction, the space I5 is preferably providedwith a filler of wood or other material which performs the function ofreducing the volume of the space.

' Fig. 3 shows aconstruction in which the heavy sheets, and are held bythe screws I2, I 2 as in the Fig. 1 construction.

In the modification illustrated in Fig. 4, the walls 21 and 26 arebothsomewhatflexible, and each has welded at its upper end a bar member29, in which the edge of the glass sheet is mounted, the inner edges ofthe glass sheets being secured by means of the clamping plates 30, 30.

In the construction of Fig. 5, the walls 3| and 32 are both flexible andcarry at their upper ends the bar members 33 and 34 grooved to receivethe edges of the glass sheets, such sheets being clamped by means of theplates 36, 35. In this case, the upper edges of the wall members 3| and32 are turned inward at right angles and fit into grooves in the members33 and 34, being welded in such position.

In the construction of Fig. 6, the side walls 36 and 31 are welded tothe base member 38 at their edges, and such base member is provided witha central rib 39 which supports thebars 40, 40 to which the upper edgesof the plates 36 and 3'! are welded. The glass sheets are clamped bymeans of the plates 4|, 4| held in position by the screws .12.

In the Fig. '7 construction, the bars 43, 43 which support the edges ofthe glass sheets are welded to the upper edges of the spring member 44,and such spring member is carried in the space 46 between the walls 46and 41, the wall'46 being bolted to the car frame member 3. In thisconstruction, the plates 46 and 41 are clamping members. The plate 41rests slidingly at 46 upon the flange 50 of the member 46, so that inthis con-.

struction, as in those heretofore described, the member 41 is free tomove to the right when pressure between the glass sheets is greater thanthat on their outer surfaces.

In the construction of Fig. 8, the necessary flexibility in theconstruction is provided by the side walls of the sheet metal box 6|,such. box being welded to the members 62 and 63 and to the flange 54which is bolted to the car frame member 3. The glass sheets are clampedin position by means of the side plates 66.

Fig. 9 illustrates a box construction for giving the necessaryflexibility, such box 61 resting upon the car frame member 3 and beingprovided with a pair of flanges 69, 66, which are welded to the barmembers 66, 60 which carry the glass sheets. Sliding contact is providedat 6| between the outer bar member 60 and the plate 62,.which is boltedto the member 68.

The glass sheets are clamped-in position by means clamp both the sidewall member 64 and theside wall member6'l. In other respects theconstruction is similar to that of Fig. 1.

In the construction of Fig. 11, the flexible wall member 68 is welded atits lower edge to the strip 69, and the side wall member is securedthereto by means of the screws 1|, sealing means being provided betweenvthe face of the strip and the wall member III. The glass sheets areclamped by means of the plates 12. 10 What we claim is: I 1. Incombination in a window construction, a metal sash comprising a pair ofopposing walls with a space therebetween sealed off from the atmosphere,one of which walls is of flexible construction so that it may be sprungtoward and from the other wall, a glass receiving groove being providedat the inner edge of each of said walls, and a glass sheet seated ineach of said grooves with its edge sealed therein, so that the spacebetween the sheets may communicate with the space between the walls, butis sealed off from the atmosphere. 2. In combination in a windowconstruction, a metal sash comprising a pair of opposing walls with aspace therebetween sealed off from the atmosphere, one of which walls isof flexible construction, so that it may be sprung toward atmosphere.

3. In combination in a window construction, a metal sashcomprising apair of opposing walls with a space therebetween sealed off from theatmosphere, one of which walls is of flexible construction so that itmay be sprung toward and from the other wall, a glass receiving groovebeing provided at the inner edge of each of said walls, a sealing memberof rubber composition U-shaped in cross section seated in each groove,and a glass sheet having its edge seated in each of said sealingmembers, so that the space be-.

tween the sheets may communicate with the space between the walls, butis sealed off from the atmosphere.

4. In combination in a window construction, a metal sash comprising apair of opposing walls with a space therebetween sealed oil from theatmosphere, one of which walls is of flexible construction so that itmay be sprung toward and from the other wall, a'glass holding groove atthe inner edge of each of said walls, said groove having one of its sidewalls in each case in the form of a removable clamping plate, a sealingmember of rubber composition U-shaped in cross secw tion seated in eachgroove, a glass sheet having its edge seated in each of said sealingmembers, andscrew means for securing the clamping plates in position andapplying pressure to the sides of the U-shaped sealing members, saidspace between the walls being in communication with the space betweenthe glass sheets.

JOHN H. FOX.'

HERMAN S. HEICHERT.

